Specialized neurons found in all regions of the hippocampal formation, these cells form symmetrical synapses and have been shown to function as gabaergic (gaba (gamma-aminobutyric acid)–producing) inhibitory neurons, possibly preventing excessive excitatory activity in neuronal networks. In schizophrenia, scientists have observed changes in chandelier cell form and functionality, which may reflect altered information processing within the prefrontal cortex and its output connections to other brain regions. Nonspecific loss and/or reorganization of chandelier cells may also be involved in the development of epilepsy.