A neurological condition in which amyloid protein builds up on the walls of the arteries in the brain and increases the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Because cerebral amyloid angiopathy can be caused by the same amyloid protein (amyloid precursor protein [APP]) that is associated with Alzheimer’s disease, such brain hemorrhages are more common in people with Alzheimer’s disease; however, they can also occur in people with no history of dementia.