Within the retina, there are specialized nerve cells called rods and cones, which play a crucial role in visual perception. These cells are responsible for converting light into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain, enabling us to see and perceive our surroundings. Rods are particularly sensitive to low levels of light and are primarily responsible for black-and-white vision in dim lighting conditions. On the other hand, cones are responsible for color vision and are most active in well-lit environments. Together, rods and cones form the foundation of our visual system, allowing us to experience the world through the sense of sight.