Epithelial alterations in which certain isolated malpighian cells become differentiated
Keratinization abnormality refers to an atypical deposition of the tough protein keratin on the skin or nails. This condition can manifest in various forms, one of which stems from a rare, inherited disorder primarily associated with an X-linked recessive genetic trait. However, autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive variants of the condition also exist. It is notable that this condition tends to affect more males than females and typically becomes evident during childhood.
Dyskeratosis manifests through the premature thickening of epithelial cells in the skin, the presence of leukoplakia (raised white patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth or vulva), nail dystrophy resulting from inadequate nutrition, and pancytopenia, which is characterized by a simultaneous reduction in the number of red cells (anemia), white cells (neutropenia), and platelets (thrombocytopenia) in the blood.