African hemorrhagic fever. A disease, first recognized in 1967, caused by the Ebola virus, a virus somewhat resembling physically the rabies virus, but of a different family of viruses. The case-fatality rate is high. Epidemics have occurred in Zaire and the Sudan in recent years. The spread of infection has been controlled by isolation and protective clothing, but there is no known treatment for infected individuals. A closely-related virus, the Marburg virus, causes what appears to be the same clinical disease, which is, of course, then called Marburg disease.