Facts about Didier’s Tulip

Tulipa gesneriana, commonly known as Didier’s tulip or garden tulip, is a species of plant in the lily family Liliaceae, cultivated as an ornamental in many countries because of its large, showy flowers. The plant native range stretches west to the Iberian Peninsula, through North Africa to Greece, the Balkans, Turkey, throughout the Levant (Syria, Israel, Palestine, Jordan) and Iran, north to the Ukraine, southern Siberia and Mongolia and east to the northwest of China. Some of the popular common names of the plants are Tulip, Didier’s Tulip, Garden Tulip, Tall Garden Tulip and Gesner’s tulip. The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and source of materials.

Tulipa Gesneriana is a species cultivated for its ornamental popularity. In the 17th century in Holland, they were so popular and sold so fast it made them rare and so expensive they were being used as currency until the market crashed. Most of the tulips you see in flower arrangements are a hybrid of this species. Flower petals of the Tulipa Gesneriana come in many colors including blue, purple, orange, pink, red and yellow. The flowers are showy and fragrant, they bloom in the spring. They can be grown in containers that have good drainage.

Didier’s Tulip Facts

Didier's tulip Quick Facts
Name:	Didier's tulip
Scientific Name:	Tulipa gesneriana
Origin	West to the Iberian Peninsula, through North Africa to Greece, the Balkans, Turkey
Shapes	Ellipsoid to subglobose, 3-angled, leathery capsules dehisces loculicidally
Health benefits	Beneficial for burns, skin rashes, insect bites, bee stings and many more

Name	Didier’s tulip
Scientific Name	Tulipa gesneriana
Native	Native range that stretches west to the Iberian Peninsula, through North Africa to Greece, the Balkans, Turkey, throughout the Levant (Syria, Israel, Palestine, Jordan) and Iran, north to the Ukraine, southern Siberia and Mongolia and east to the northwest of China
Common Names	Tulip, Didier’s Tulip, Garden Tulip, Tall Garden Tulip, Gesner’s tulip
Name in Other Languages	Albanian: Tulipan Brazil : Tulipa-De Jardim Bulgarian: Lale na Gesner (лале на Геснер) Chinese : Yu Jin Xiang (郁金香) Chuvash: Gesner tyul’panĕ (Геснер тюльпанӗ) Czech : Tulipán Zahradní Danish : Havetulipan, Have-tulipan, tulipán zahradní       Estonian : Aedtulp English: Didier’s tulip, Garden Tulip, Gesner’s tulip, Tulip, Finnish: Tarhatulppaani French : Tulipe De Gesner, Tulipe Des Jardins, Tulipe, Tulipe des fleuristes German : Garten-Tulpe, Gesners Tulpe, Zucht- Tulpe Hebrew: צבעוני רחב עלים Hungarian: Kerti tulipán, pompás tulipán Icelandic : Garðatúlípani India : Tyūlipa Italian : Tulipano Di Gessner, Tulipano Japanese : Chūrippu (チューリップ) Korean : Tyullib (튤립) Latvian: Darzeline tulpe Lithuanian: Darželinė tulpė Norwegian: Borøytulipan Persian : Thoulyban, لاله باغچه‌ای Portuguese : Tulipa, tulipa-de-jardim Russian : Tyul’pan, Тюльпан Геснера Serbian : Lala Slovak: Tulipán zahradní               Spanish : Tulipán Swedish : Tulpan, Trädgårdstulpan Turkish : Tulbend, Turban, dağ lâlesi Upper Sorbian: Zahrodna tulpa Vietnamese : Cây Uât́ Kim Hương Welsh: Tiwlip yr Ardd, Tiwlipau’r Ardd
Plant Growth Habit	Bulbose, scapose to sub-scapose, herbaceous, perennial plant with papery to coriaceous, tunicate, often stoloniferous bulbs
Growing Climates	Man-made or disturbed habitats, meadows, cultivated land, roadsides, forest edges, rough ground, quarries, churchyards and amenity grasslands
Soil	Moist, fertile, well-drained neutral to slightly acid soil where they will receive full or at least afternoon sun
Plant Size	35 to 45 centimeters
Leaf	Middle-green, simple leaves are alternate. They are lanceolate with entire margins. Lamina is linear to narrow oblong, and weakly fleshy.
Flowering season	April to May
Flower	Flower has three petals and three sepals which are often darker at the base. They are produced in white, yellow, orange, pink, red, maroon, purple, variegated and with coloured streaks, often blotched near base except blue
Fruit Shape & Size	Ellipsoid to subglobose, 3-angled, leathery capsules dehisces loculicidally
Seed	Seeds flat, numerous in 2 rows per locule
Precautions	The bulb and the flowers have been known to cause dermatitis in sensitive people, though up to 5 bulbs a day can be eaten without ill-effect. Eating too many tulip bulbs can cause indigestion.

Plant Description

Didier’s tulip is a bulbose, scapose to sub-scapose, herbaceous, perennial plant with papery to coriaceous, tunicate, and often stoloniferous bulbs. The plant normally grows about 35 to 45 centimeters tall. The plant is found growing in man-made or disturbed habitats, meadows, cultivated land, roadsides, forest edges, rough ground, quarries, churchyards and amenity grasslands. The plant does best in moist, fertile, well-drained neutral to slightly acid soil where they will receive full or at least afternoon sun. It is a perennial plant that is grown from a bulb. It can be from four to 28 inches high, usually one flower per stem.

This tall, late-blooming species has a single blooming flower and linear or broadly lanceolate leaves. This is a complex hybridized neo-species, and can also be called Tulipa × gesneriana. Most of the cultivars of tulip are derived from Tulipa gesneriana. It has become naturalized in parts of central and southern Europe and distributed locations in North America.

Leaves

Tulipa gesneriana is deciduous. The middle-green, simple leaves are alternate. They are lanceolate with entire margins. Lamina is linear to narrow oblong, and weakly fleshy.

Flowers

Inflorescences are 1(−4)-flowered. The flower has three petals and three sepals which are often darker at the base. They are produced in white, yellow, orange, pink, red, maroon, purple, variegated and with coloured streaks, often blotched near base except blue. They have six distinct stamens with filaments shorter than tepals and basally dilated.  Anthers are basifixed, linear to narrowly elliptic and introrse. Ovary is superior, 3-locular; style very short or absent; stigma prominently 3-lobed. Flowering normally takes place in between April to May.

Fruit

Fertile flowers are followed by ellipsoid to subglobose, 3-angled, leathery capsules dehisces loculicidally. The plant has disc-shaped seeds in two rose per chamber.  

Traditional uses and benefits of Didier’s tulip

• Soothing poultice of the petals is used for burns, skin rashes, insect bites and bee stings.
• In the seventeenth century, young girls crushed red tulip petals and rubbed on cheeks so that the petals impart their color and the juice would help clear up any spots.
• Crushed petals and juice from the flower base are used to soothe scratches and rough skin on work-worn hands of tulip growers in Holland.

Culinary Uses

• Tulip bulbs are edible.
• Bulbs can be used as a substitute for onion in cooking.
• They can be dried, powdered and added to cereals or flour for making bread.
• Tulip flowers are also edible.
• Cooking with tulips dates back to the late sixteenth century when unopened flower buds were cooked with peas or finely cut green beans.
• Petals have little taste but can be used to garnish a dish, chop a few petals and mixed them in a salad, or the entire flower used for a fruit bowl.
• Petals can be sugared and used to decorate a cake or eaten with syrup as a dessert.
• Some of the recipes with tulip flowers listed by Roberts included tulip syrup, tulips stuffed with chicken mayonnaise and three-bean salad with tulips.
• During the recent Chelsea Flower Show, Chef Pascal Aussignac used tulip flowers as the base for a unique starter, stuffing them with a mixture of mushrooms, tapioca and parmesan and surrounding them with a pea puree.

Other Facts

• Tulips are the world’s most popular spring ornamental bulb flowers and are widely grown in temperate areas.
• They make beautiful flower gardens, beds and borders in parks and house gardens and also as potted plants.
• Tulips make excellent and long-lasting cut flowers in lovely and beautiful flower arrangements.
• They can be used for bridal bouquets, table center pieces and general wedding decor.
• They are also a great choice for a baby shower or as a gift for a new baby.
• Commercial tulip production occurs in some 15 countries worldwide, with the largest production area in the Netherlands.
• Plants have been grown indoors in pots in order to help remove toxins from the atmosphere.
• It has been shown to help remove formaldehyde, xylene and ammonia.

References:

https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=43105#null

https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Tulipa+gesneriana

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulipa_gesneriana

http://www.narc.gov.jo/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=40734

https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/TULGE

https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/117687

https://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/59149/

https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=TUGE

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