Types of Chronic fatigue syndrome
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), is a complex and debilitating disorder characterized by persistent and overwhelming fatigue that is not improved by rest. While CFS is often regarded as a single condition, it can present in various forms depending on factors such as symptom severity, underlying causes, and coexisting conditions. Here’s a list of the most recognized types or subcategories of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, each with its unique features and challenges.
- Post-Exertional Fatigue
- Wired Fatigue
- Brain Fog Fatigue
- Energy Fatigue
- Flu-Like Fatigue
- Mild ME/CFS
- Moderate ME/CFS
- Severe ME/CFS
- Very Severe ME/CFS
- Post-Viral Fatigue Syndrome (PVFS)
- Post-Infectious Fatigue Syndrome
Common Causes of Fatigue
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a multifaceted condition with no single known cause, making its diagnosis and treatment particularly challenging. Researchers believe that a combination of factors may contribute to its onset, ranging from viral infections to lifestyle and genetic predispositions. Understanding these potential causes can offer insights into the development of CFS and provide clues for managing symptoms. Here’s a list of the most common causes believed to trigger or exacerbate Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
- Viral infections (e.g., Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus-6, Ross River virus)
- Bacterial infections (e.g., Coxiella burnetii, Mycoplasma pneumoniae)
- Immune system changes or dysfunction
- Genetic predisposition
- Hormonal imbalances
- Physical or emotional stress
- Changes in energy metabolism
- Oxidative stress
- Mitochondrial dysfunction
- Neurological abnormalities
- Psychological factors
- Environmental toxins
- Allergies
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Post-viral fatigue syndrome (including post-COVID-19)
- Autoimmune responses
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction
- Sleep disorders
Best herbs for Chronic fatigue syndrome
Herbs offer a promising alternative to conventional medication for managing Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) due to their multifaceted benefits and lower risk of adverse effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and other herbal therapies have been increasingly utilized by patients with CFS, as conventional medical treatments often fall short in effectively addressing the condition. Herbal medicines, such as those used in TCM, have shown potential in reducing fatigue symptoms and improving overall well-being, as evidenced by various studies and meta-analyses. For instance, specific herbal formulations like Chaihu Guizhi Decoction and Buzhong Yiqi combined with Xiao Chaihu Decoction have demonstrated efficacy in alleviating fatigue and associated psychological conditions without serious adverse effects. Additionally, herbs like ginseng and botanical products containing cistanche and ginkgo extracts have been found to significantly improve fatigue symptoms and quality of life in CFS patients. The holistic approach of herbal medicine, which often includes adaptogens and phytochemicals, addresses multiple aspects of CFS pathophysiology, such as mitochondrial function and neurotransmitter balance, offering a comprehensive treatment strategy. Therefore, the use of herbs provides a viable and potentially more effective alternative to conventional medications for managing CFS.
1. Panax ginseng
Panax ginseng shows promise as a potential treatment for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Several studies have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing fatigue symptoms and improving energy levels in patients with CFS. A randomized controlled trial found that Panax ginseng administration led to significant improvements in mental fatigue symptoms as measured by the Numerical Rating Scale. Ginseng supplementation resulted in reduced fatigue, pain, anxiety, and insomnia in people with fibromyalgia, a condition often associated with chronic fatigue. The antifatigue effects of ginseng are thought to be related to its antioxidant properties, ability to regulate carbohydrate metabolism, promotion of mitochondrial function, and neuroprotective effects. Additionally, ginseng may help combat oxidative stress, which is considered a major contributor to chronic fatigue.
What Research Says?
- Based on research carried out by The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine and Foods, Panax ginseng shows promise as a treatment for fatigue with a low risk of adverse events, but more rigorous research is needed to confirm its efficacy.
- As per studies undertaken by Frontiers in Pharmacology and Nutrients, Ginseng’s anti-fatigue effects are linked to enhanced energy metabolism, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory properties.
- According to studies performed by Complementary Therapies in Medicine and PLoS One, Some studies indicate that Panax ginseng can improve fatigue symptoms in patients with chronic fatigue and related conditions, though results are mixed and often not statistically significant compared to placebo.
- Research undertaken by Pharmaceuticals reveals a specific form of red ginseng (HRG80) showed marked improvement in energy, cognition, and stamina in patients with CFS and fibromyalgia.
How to Use
To use Panax ginseng for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, start with a standardized extract containing 4-7% ginsenosides. Take 200-400 mg daily, divided into two doses, for at least 4-8 weeks to see potential benefits. Some studies have used higher doses of 1-2 grams daily. It’s best to take ginseng in the morning to avoid sleep disturbances. Monitor for side effects and consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have any medical conditions or take medications. Ginseng may help reduce mental fatigue, improve cognitive function, and boost energy levels in CFS patients.
Potential side effects of Panax ginseng
Panax ginseng may cause headaches, insomnia, nervousness, and rapid heartbeat. Some users experience digestive issues like nausea or diarrhea. Less common side effects include allergic reactions, breast pain, and menstrual irregularities. High doses or long-term use may lead to more severe effects such as high blood pressure, mood changes, or liver damage. It’s important to start with a low dose and monitor for any adverse reactions.
Who should avoid Panax ginseng
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid Panax ginseng due to potential risks to the fetus or infant. People with hormone-sensitive conditions, such as breast cancer or endometriosis, should also refrain from use. Those with bleeding disorders, heart conditions, or diabetes should consult a healthcare provider before taking ginseng. Individuals with autoimmune diseases or scheduled for surgery should exercise caution and seek medical advice.
Interaction with medications
Panax ginseng may interact with various medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing side effects. It can interact with blood thinners like warfarin, increasing bleeding risk. Ginseng may affect blood sugar levels, interfering with diabetes medications. It can also interact with stimulants, MAO inhibitors, and some antidepressants. Those taking immunosuppressants or medications metabolized by liver enzymes should be cautious. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining ginseng with any medications.
2. American ginseng
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) shows promise as a potential treatment for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Several studies have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing fatigue symptoms and improving energy levels in patients with chronic illnesses, including CFS. American ginseng was associated with significant improvements in fatigue scores compared to placebo, particularly in cancer-related fatigue. The antifatigue effects of American ginseng are thought to be related to its antioxidant properties, ability to regulate carbohydrate metabolism, and potential neuroprotective effects. Additionally, American ginseng may help combat oxidative stress, which is considered a major contributor to chronic fatigue.
What Research Says?
- Findings from research done by Global Advances in Integrative Medicine and Health show American ginseng shows potential benefits in reducing fatigue symptoms in CFS patients, but the evidence is limited and of low to moderate certainty.
- As research performed by The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine and Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine suggests Ginseng, including American ginseng, has been associated with modest improvements in fatigue severity in patients with chronic illnesses, including CFS.
- Research completed by JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute and Nutrition and Cancer indicates American ginseng at a dosage of 2000 mg/day for up to eight weeks significantly reduced cancer-related fatigue (CRF) with minimal side effects.
- According to investigations conducted by Cancer Nursing, Ginseng consumption led to significant reductions in CRF levels and improvements in physical and emotional well-being.
- Research efforts by show that Pharmaceutical Biology, In animal studies, Panax ginseng improved physical recovery and energy utilization in chronic fatigue through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, suggesting a potential mechanism for its anti-fatigue effects.
How to Use
To use American ginseng for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, start with a standardized extract containing 3-5% ginsenosides. Take 1000-2000 mg daily, divided into two doses, for at least 8 weeks to see potential benefits. Some studies have used doses up to 3000 mg daily for cancer-related fatigue. It’s best to take American ginseng in the morning to avoid sleep disturbances. Monitor for side effects and consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have any medical conditions or take medications. American ginseng may help reduce mental fatigue and improve cognitive function in CFS patients.
Potential side effects of American ginseng
American ginseng can cause side effects such as headache, insomnia, nervousness, and diarrhea. Some users may experience rapid heartbeat, changes in blood pressure, breast tenderness, and vaginal bleeding. Less common but more severe side effects include allergic reactions, liver damage, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. It’s important to start with a low dose and monitor for any adverse reactions, especially when using it long-term.
Who should avoid American ginseng
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid American ginseng due to potential risks to the fetus or infant. People with hormone-sensitive conditions, such as breast cancer or endometriosis, should also refrain from use. Those with bleeding disorders, heart conditions, or diabetes should consult a healthcare provider before taking American ginseng. Individuals with schizophrenia or scheduled for surgery should exercise caution and seek medical advice.
Interaction with medications
American ginseng may interact with various medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing side effects. It can interact with blood thinners like warfarin, increasing bleeding risk. Ginseng may affect blood sugar levels, interfering with diabetes medications. It can also interact with MAOIs, immunosuppressants, and stimulants. Those taking medications metabolized by liver enzymes should be cautious. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining American ginseng with any medications.
3. Cistanche tubulosa
Cistanche tubulosa shows promise as a potential treatment for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Several studies have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing fatigue symptoms and improving energy levels in patients with chronic illnesses, including CFS. A recent clinical trial found that a combination of Cistanche tubulosa and Ginkgo biloba extracts significantly improved CFS symptoms, including impaired memory or concentration, physical fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and post-exertional malaise. The anti-fatigue effects of Cistanche tubulosa are thought to be related to its antioxidant properties, ability to regulate carbohydrate metabolism, and potential neuroprotective effects. Additionally, Cistanche tubulosa may help combat oxidative stress, which is considered a major contributor to chronic fatigue. The herb has also been shown to have adaptogenic effects, increasing the body’s resistance to physical and mental stress.
What Research Says?
- As demonstrated by research from Frontiers in Nutrition, Botanical products containing Cistanche tubulosa and Ginkgo biloba significantly improved symptoms of CFS, including impaired memory or concentration, physical fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and post-exertional malaise.
- Research initiated by Research Square suggests Levels of blood ammonia and lactic acid were significantly lower in the treatment groups compared to the placebo group, indicating a potential biochemical basis for the alleviation of CFS symptoms.
How to Use
To use Cistanche tubulosa for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, consider taking a standardized extract containing at least 28% echinacoside. Based on clinical studies, a dose of 300-450 mg daily has shown potential benefits. It’s often combined with Ginkgo biloba extract for enhanced effects. Take the supplement once daily for at least 60 days to observe improvements in fatigue symptoms. Start with a lower dose and increase gradually if needed. Always consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have any medical conditions or take medications. Monitor for any side effects and adjust dosage accordingly.
Potential side effects of Cistanche tubulosa
Cistanche tubulosa may cause side effects such as insomnia or restlessness, especially if taken late in the day due to its stimulant-like effects. In clinical studies, some patients experienced adverse events including cerebral hemorrhage and epilepsy, though these were rare. Other potential side effects may include digestive issues, headaches, or changes in blood pressure. As with any supplement, it’s important to monitor for any unusual reactions.
Who should avoid Cistanche tubulosa
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid Cistanche tubulosa due to insufficient safety data. Individuals with hormone-sensitive conditions, such as certain cancers or endometriosis, should exercise caution as Cistanche may have estrogenic effects. People with bleeding disorders, low blood pressure, or scheduled for surgery should consult a healthcare provider before use. Those with schizophrenia or other mental health conditions should also use caution, as it may exacerbate symptoms.
Interaction with medications
Cistanche tubulosa may interact with various medications. It may enhance the effects of blood thinners, increasing bleeding risk. It could potentially interfere with diabetes medications, affecting blood sugar levels. Cistanche may interact with medications metabolized by liver enzymes, altering their effectiveness. It may also interact with drugs that affect blood pressure or hormones. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining Cistanche tubulosa with any medications, especially those for chronic conditions.
4. Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo biloba shows promise as a potential treatment for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Several studies have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing fatigue symptoms and improving cognitive function in patients with chronic illnesses, including CFS. A clinical trial found that a combination of Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche tubulosa extracts significantly improved CFS symptoms, including impaired memory or concentration, physical fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and post-exertional malaise. The anti-fatigue effects of Ginkgo biloba are thought to be related to its antioxidant properties, ability to improve cerebral perfusion, and potential neuroprotective effects. Additionally, Ginkgo biloba may help combat oxidative stress and reduce inflammation, which are considered major contributors to chronic fatigue. The herb has also been shown to have positive effects on cognitive impairment due to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are common issues in CFS patients.
What Research Says?
- According to the research carried out by Frontiers in Nutrition, Improvement in CFS Symptoms: Botanical products containing Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche extracts significantly improved symptoms of CFS, including impaired memory or concentration, physical fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and post-exertional malaise.
- Studies conducted by Research Square indicate Levels of blood ammonia and lactic acid were significantly lower in the treatment groups, indicating a potential biochemical basis for the alleviation of CFS symptoms. The change in lactic acid concentration was negatively associated with the severity of CFS symptoms and correlated with the change in total physical fatigue score.
How to Use
To use Ginkgo biloba for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, start with a standardized extract containing 24% flavonoid glycosides and 6% terpenoids. Take 120-240 mg daily, divided into two doses, for at least 8 weeks to see potential benefits. Some studies have used doses up to 180 mg daily in combination with other herbs. It’s best to take Ginkgo biloba in the morning to avoid sleep disturbances. Monitor for side effects and consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have any medical conditions or take medications. Ginkgo may help reduce mental fatigue, improve cognitive function, and boost energy levels in CFS patients.
Potential side effects of Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo biloba can cause some minor side effects such as stomach upset, headaches, dizziness, and allergic skin reactions. In rare cases, it may increase the risk of bleeding or cause arrhythmia. Some users have reported nausea, diarrhea, or restlessness. More severe side effects like seizures or internal bleeding have been reported, though a direct causal link hasn’t been established. It’s important to monitor for any unusual reactions when taking ginkgo.
Who should avoid Ginkgo biloba
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid Ginkgo biloba due to potential risks to the fetus or infant. People with bleeding disorders, epilepsy, or scheduled for surgery should not use ginkgo. Those with diabetes or taking blood thinners should consult their doctor before use. Individuals with hormone-sensitive conditions, such as certain cancers, should exercise caution. People allergic to poison ivy, oak, or sumac might also be allergic to ginkgo.
Interaction with medications
Ginkgo biloba can interact with various medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing side effects. It may interact with blood thinners like warfarin, increasing bleeding risk. Ginkgo can affect blood sugar levels, interfering with diabetes medications. It may interact with antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and some HIV medications. Those taking NSAIDs, thiazide diuretics, or medications metabolized by liver enzymes should be cautious. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining ginkgo with any medications.
5. Astragali Radix
Astragali Radix, also known as Astragalus membranaceus or Huáng Qí, shows promise as a potential treatment for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Several studies have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing fatigue symptoms and improving energy levels in patients with chronic illnesses, including CFS. A recent clinical trial found that Astragali Radix extract significantly improved symptoms of fatigue in nurses suffering from post-COVID-19 chronic fatigue syndrome. The anti-fatigue effects of Astragali Radix are thought to be related to its antioxidant properties, ability to regulate carbohydrate metabolism, and potential neuroprotective effects. Additionally, Astragali Radix may help combat oxidative stress, which is considered a major contributor to chronic fatigue. The herb has also been shown to have adaptogenic effects, increasing the body’s resistance to physical and mental stress.
What Research Says?
- Research executed by Journal of Ethnopharmacology reveals Astragali Radix has been shown to possess diverse therapeutic effects, including immunomodulatory activities, which could be beneficial for fatigue-related disorders.
- As shown by research done by Molecular BioSystems, Astragali Radix facilitated recovery from fatigue by regulating glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, and energy metabolism in rats.
- Research organized by Phytotherapy Research suggests Danggui Buxue Tang, containing Radix Astragali, improved body weight, endurance capacity, and immune function in a rat model of CFS.
How to Use
To use Astragali Radix for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, consider taking a standardized extract containing active compounds like astragalosides. Based on recent clinical studies, a dose of 500 mg twice daily for at least 4-8 weeks has shown potential benefits in reducing fatigue symptoms. Some studies have used higher doses of up to 30 grams daily of astragalus root decoction. It’s best to start with a lower dose and increase gradually if needed. Always consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have any medical conditions or take medications. Monitor for any side effects and adjust dosage accordingly.
Potential side effects of Astragali Radix
Astragali Radix is generally well-tolerated, but some potential side effects may include rash, itchy skin, nasal symptoms, or stomach discomfort when taken orally. When administered intravenously, it may cause dizziness or irregular heartbeat. Other reported side effects include fatigue, headache, and lowering of blood pressure. However, these side effects are generally uncommon and mild. As with any supplement, it’s important to monitor for any unusual reactions.
Who should avoid Astragali Radix
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid Astragali Radix due to insufficient safety data and potential risks to the fetus or infant. Individuals with autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, lupus, or rheumatoid arthritis should also avoid its use, as it may worsen symptoms by stimulating the immune system. People with bleeding disorders, low blood pressure, or scheduled for surgery should consult a healthcare provider before use. Those with hormone-sensitive conditions should also exercise caution.
Interaction with medications
Astragali Radix may interact with various medications. It can potentially decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressants and cyclophosphamide. It may enhance the effects of blood thinners, increasing bleeding risk. Astragali Radix can interact with diabetes medications, potentially lowering blood sugar levels too much. It may also interact with diuretics, antihypertensive drugs, and lithium. Those taking hormonal therapies or chemotherapy drugs should be cautious. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining Astragali Radix with any medications.
6. Bupleuri Radix
Bupleuri Radix, also known as Chai Hu in Traditional Chinese Medicine, shows promise as a potential treatment for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). While direct studies on CFS are limited, Bupleuri Radix has demonstrated effects that could be beneficial for CFS symptoms. It has been shown to have antidepressant properties by increasing serum levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which are often low in individuals with depression and fatigue-related disorders. These neurotrophic factors play crucial roles in neuroplasticity and cognitive function, potentially addressing the cognitive symptoms associated with CFS. Additionally, Bupleuri Radix has been used in traditional formulations for treating fatigue-related disorders and has shown anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, which could be beneficial in managing CFS symptoms. In a clinical trial, a combination of Bupleuri Radix with other herbs (Chaihu Guizhi Decoction) showed overall efficacy in treating CFS.
What Research Says?
- Findings from studies performed by Frontiers in Pharmacology indicate Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that traditional Chinese medicine formulas, which include Bupleuri Radix, can improve fatigue symptoms in CFS patients.
- Research performed by Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy shows Bupleuri Radix is traditionally used for its antipyretic, liver-soothing, and depression-relieving properties, which may contribute to its potential benefits in treating CFS.
How to Use
To use Bupleuri Radix for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, consider taking a standardized extract containing active compounds like saikosaponins. Based on clinical studies, a dose of 1-3 grams of dried root powder daily for 8-12 weeks has shown potential benefits in reducing fatigue symptoms and improving mood. It’s often used in combination formulas like Chaihu Guizhi Decoction. Start with a lower dose and increase gradually if needed. Always consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have any medical conditions or take medications. Monitor for any side effects and adjust dosage accordingly.
Potential side effects of Bupleuri Radix
Bupleuri Radix may cause mild side effects such as lassitude, sedation, and drowsiness. In some cases, it can lead to increased flatulence and bowel movements. More severe adverse reactions have been reported, particularly with injected forms, including acute hepatitis, hepatocyte apoptosis, and liver injury. High doses or long-term use may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity. Allergic reactions, including anaphylactic shock, have also been observed in rare cases.
Who should avoid Bupleuri Radix
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid Bupleuri Radix due to insufficient safety data. Individuals with liver diseases or a history of liver problems should use caution, as Bupleuri Radix may cause liver injury. Those with autoimmune diseases should consult a healthcare provider before use, as it may stimulate the immune system. Patients scheduled for surgery or with bleeding disorders should also avoid Bupleuri Radix, as it may affect blood clotting.
Interaction with medications
Bupleuri Radix may interact with various medications. It can potentially enhance the effects of antiviral drugs and interfere with immunosuppressants, reducing their effectiveness. Bupleuri Radix may interact with blood thinners, increasing the risk of bleeding. It may also affect blood sugar levels, potentially interacting with diabetes medications. Those taking medications for high blood pressure, diuretics, or drugs metabolized by liver enzymes should exercise caution and consult a healthcare provider before using Bupleuri Radix.
FAQs
- Are there any herbs that can specifically improve the cognitive symptoms of CFS, such as brain fog and memory issues?
While the herbs mentioned above may indirectly improve cognitive function by addressing underlying factors like fatigue and oxidative stress, specific herbs known for their cognitive-enhancing properties include Bacopa monnieri, Rhodiola rosea, and Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha). However, research specifically on their use for CFS-related cognitive impairment is limited, and consultation with a healthcare provider is essential.
- Can herbs be used alongside conventional CFS treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or graded exercise therapy?
Yes, herbs can often be used in conjunction with conventional CFS treatments, but it’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all herbs and supplements you’re taking to ensure safety and avoid potential interactions.
- How long does it typically take to see improvement in CFS symptoms with herbal treatments?
The time it takes to experience noticeable improvements varies depending on the specific herbs used, individual response, and severity of symptoms. Generally, consistent use for at least 4-8 weeks is recommended before evaluating effectiveness. Some herbs may show effects sooner, while others may take longer to work.
- Are there any specific herbal preparations or formulations that are particularly effective for CFS?
Yes, some traditional Chinese medicine formulas, such as Chaihu Guizhi Decoction or Buzhong Yiqi combined with Xiao Chaihu Decoction, have shown promising results in clinical trials for CFS. These formulas typically contain a combination of herbs, each targeting different aspects of CFS pathophysiology. Consulting a qualified TCM practitioner can help determine the most suitable formulation for your individual needs.
- Can herbs completely cure CFS?
While herbs can offer significant support in managing CFS symptoms and improving overall well-being, they are not considered a cure for the condition. CFS is a complex disorder with no single known cause, and treatment usually focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Herbs can be a valuable part of a comprehensive treatment plan but should be used in conjunction with other therapies and lifestyle changes.
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