Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units, which include the hair follicle, hair shaft, and sebaceous gland, primarily affecting the face, neck, chest, and back. It is characterized by a variety of lesions, both inflammatory (papules, pustules, nodules) and noninflammatory (comedones, open and closed). The condition is influenced by factors such as increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, bacterial colonization by Propionibacterium acnes, and an inflammatory response. Acne can be classified into several types based on its clinical presentation, including comedonal, papulopustular, nodular, and cystic forms, with further subdivisions based on lesion characteristics. It is a highly prevalent condition, affecting up to 85% of adolescents in Western populations, and can persist into adulthood, particularly in women. The disease can have significant psychosocial impacts, including depression and anxiety, and may lead to permanent scarring.
Types of Acne
Acne is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. In this guide, we’ll break down the different types of acne, helping you better understand what’s happening beneath your skin and how to manage it effectively. Whether you’re dealing with the occasional breakout or chronic acne, knowing the type of acne you have is the first step toward clearer, healthier skin.
- Whiteheads (Closed Comedones)
- Blackheads (Open Comedones)
- Inflammatory acne
- Noninflammatory acne
- Comedonal acne
- Comedopapular acne
- Papular acne
- Papulopustular acne
- Pustular acne
- Cystic acne
- Nodular acne
- Nodular-cystic acne
- Sandpaper comedones
- Microcysts
- Acne conglobata
- Acne fulminans
- Fungal Acne (Pityrosporum Folliculitis)
- Hormonal Acne
- Conglobate Acne
Common Causes of Acne
Acne can be triggered by a variety of factors, from hormones to lifestyle choices. Understanding these common causes can help you take control of your skin and prevent future flare-ups. In this list, we’ll explore the most common culprits behind acne, shedding light on why your skin might be acting up and what you can do to achieve a clearer complexion.
- Excessive sebum production
- Ductal hypercornification
- Changes in microbial flora, particularly Propionibacterium acnes (now Cutibacterium acnes)
- Inflammation and immunological host reactions
- Genetic factors
- Hormonal changes
- Diet
- Stress
- Smoking
- Cosmetic use
- Menstrual cycle
- Metabolic disorders
- Alcohol consumption
Best Herbs for Acne
Using herbs to care for acne instead of conventional medication offers several compelling advantages. Herbal treatments are often associated with fewer adverse effects compared to standard acne medications, which can cause skin irritation, gastrointestinal upset, and the development of drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, herbal extracts can target various molecular pathways involved in acne pathogenesis, such as inflammation, sebum production, and bacterial growth, making them a versatile treatment option. Many clinical trials have demonstrated that herbal medicines can significantly reduce both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions, with some studies showing equal or superior efficacy compared to conventional treatments. Furthermore, the use of herbal medicine is often more cost-effective and accessible, providing a safer and more natural alternative for individuals who are reluctant to use synthetic drugs. Overall, the growing body of evidence supports the potential of herbal treatments as a promising and effective approach for managing acne vulgaris.
1. Mangosteen
Mangosteen is highly beneficial for acne due to its rich content of antioxidants, particularly xanthones. These natural compounds have potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which help reduce the redness, swelling, and bacterial infection associated with acne. Additionally, the fruit’s high vitamin C content aids in skin healing and helps prevent scarring, while its ability to regulate sebum production can further reduce the occurrence of acne breakouts. Regular consumption or topical application of mangosteen can lead to clearer, healthier skin over time.
What Research Says?
- Based on research carried out by Pharmaceutical Biology and Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangosteen extracts, particularly those containing α-mangostin, have shown significant antibacterial activity against acne-inducing bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
- As per studies undertaken by Journal of Dermatological Treatment and Medical Journal of Indonesia, Mangosteen extracts have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1α, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, which are involved in acne pathogenesis.
- According to studies performed by Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, Clinical trials have shown that topical applications of mangosteen extracts, either alone or in combination with other herbal extracts, significantly reduce both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions.
- As demonstrated by research from Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, various formulations, including hydrogel patches and traditional masks, have been developed to deliver mangosteen extracts effectively. These formulations have been found to be effective in reducing acne severity and improving skin conditions without causing significant adverse effects.
- According to the research carried out by Fitoterapia, Mangosteen extracts possess strong antioxidant properties, which contribute to their therapeutic effects in acne treatment by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
How to consume
To incorporate mangosteen into your routine, you can eat the fresh fruit or drink mangosteen juice daily. Another option is to take mangosteen supplements in capsule form, following the dosage instructions provided on the label. For topical use, some people apply mangosteen-based creams or make a paste from the fruit’s rind and apply it directly to the affected areas.
Potential side effects of Mangosteen
High consumption of mangosteen, especially in supplement form, may lead to gastrointestinal issues such as bloating, diarrhea, or constipation. Additionally, some people may experience allergic reactions, including itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing, particularly if they have a sensitivity to fruits from the Clusiaceae family. Overconsumption of mangosteen juice, which is often sweetened, may also contribute to increased blood sugar levels.
Who should avoid Mangosteen
Individuals with certain health conditions should avoid mangosteen or consult with a healthcare provider before incorporating it into their diet. People with low blood pressure or those taking medication to manage blood pressure should be cautious, as mangosteen may further lower blood pressure, leading to dizziness or fainting. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also avoid mangosteen supplements due to the lack of sufficient safety data.
Interaction with medications
Mangosteen may interact with certain medications, leading to potential health risks. For example, its antioxidant properties might interfere with chemotherapy drugs, reducing their effectiveness. Additionally, mangosteen can enhance the effects of blood-thinning medications like warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. It may also interact with diabetes medications, potentially leading to dangerously low blood sugar levels.
2. Houttuynia cordata
Houttuynia cordata, commonly known as fish mint, is beneficial for acne due to its powerful anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The plant is rich in compounds like flavonoids and polysaccharides, which help soothe irritated skin and reduce the inflammation associated with acne. Additionally, Houttuynia cordata is known to inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria, particularly Propionibacterium acnes. Its detoxifying properties also support the elimination of toxins from the skin, helping to clear up blemishes and prevent future breakouts.
What Research Says?
- As evidenced by research led by Cosmetics, Houttuynia cordata extracts (HCA and HCE) have shown significant antimicrobial activity against Cutibacterium acnes, a bacterium associated with acne. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of HCE were particularly effective at 2.47 mg/mL.
- According to studies led by Journal of Dermatological Treatment, Houttuynia cordata extracts have been found to decrease the expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-1α and IL-8, which are involved in acne pathogenesis. This reduction was confirmed through immunohistochemistry staining in clinical studies.
How to consume
To use Houttuynia cordata for acne, you can brew a tea by steeping its dried leaves in hot water for about 10-15 minutes and drinking it daily. Alternatively, you can take Houttuynia cordata supplements in capsule form, following the recommended dosage on the label. For topical application, you can make a poultice by crushing fresh leaves into a paste and applying it directly to acne-prone areas, leaving it on for 15-20 minutes before rinsing off.
Potential side effects of Houttuynia cordata
The most common side effects include digestive issues such as nausea, diarrhea, or stomach discomfort, particularly when consumed in large amounts. Some people may also experience allergic reactions, including skin irritation, rash, or itching, especially with topical application.
Who should avoid Houttuynia cordata
Those with known allergies to plants in the Saururaceae family should steer clear of this herb to prevent allergic reactions. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also avoid Houttuynia cordata due to insufficient safety data on its use during these periods. Additionally, individuals with a history of liver disease or those who are prone to digestive issues should consult with a healthcare provider before using Houttuynia cordata, as it may exacerbate these conditions.
Interaction with medications
Houttuynia cordata may interact with certain medications, potentially leading to adverse effects. For example, it may have a diuretic effect, which could amplify the effects of medications that increase urine output, leading to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances. Additionally, because Houttuynia cordata may affect liver function, it could interact with medications metabolized by the liver, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.
3. Indian madder
Indian Madder is highly beneficial for acne due to its potent anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. This herb has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries to treat various skin conditions, including acne. Indian Madder helps purify the blood and detoxify the skin, which can reduce the occurrence of breakouts. Its ability to regulate the secretion of sebum and its antioxidant properties further aid in healing inflamed acne lesions and preventing scars. Regular use of Indian Madder, either topically or internally, can promote clearer, healthier skin by addressing the root causes of acne.
What Research Says?
- Based on research carried out by World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, Indian madder contains anthraquinones, which have significant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. These properties are effective against acne-causing bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Malassezia furfur.
How to Consume
To use Manjistha for acne, you can take it internally as a powder or in capsule form. If using the powder, mix about half a teaspoon with warm water or milk and drink it once or twice daily. Alternatively, you can prepare a herbal tea by boiling the dried root in water for 10-15 minutes and consuming it regularly. For topical use, make a paste by mixing Manjistha powder with water or honey and apply it directly to the affected areas, leaving it on for 15-20 minutes before rinsing off.
Potential side effects of Indian madder
High doses or prolonged use of Manjistha may lead to digestive issues such as nausea, diarrhea, or constipation. Some individuals might also experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when using it topically, particularly if they have sensitive skin. Additionally, because Manjistha has blood-purifying properties, it may thin the blood, which could increase the risk of bleeding in susceptible individuals.
Who should avoid Indian madder
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should refrain from using Manjistha, as its safety during pregnancy and lactation has not been well established. People with pre-existing kidney or liver conditions should also be cautious, as the herb’s detoxifying effects may place additional strain on these organs. Additionally, individuals who have a known allergy to plants in the Rubiaceae family should avoid Manjistha to prevent allergic reactions.
Interaction with medications
Indian madder may interact with certain medications, leading to potential health risks. Because of its blood-purifying and possible blood-thinning properties, Manjistha could amplify the effects of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications, increasing the risk of bleeding. It may also interact with medications that affect the liver or kidneys, as it could alter the way these drugs are metabolized, potentially leading to increased side effects or reduced efficacy.
4. Turmeric
Turmeric, renowned for its vibrant yellow color and medicinal properties, is highly beneficial for acne due to its powerful anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. The active compound in turmeric, curcumin, helps reduce the inflammation and redness associated with acne, while also inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria. Additionally, turmeric’s antioxidant properties aid in healing and rejuvenating the skin, helping to fade acne scars and prevent future breakouts. Its ability to regulate sebum production further supports clear skin by minimizing excess oil. Whether applied topically as a mask or consumed internally, turmeric can be a highly effective natural remedy for acne-prone skin.
What Research Says?
- As per studies undertaken by Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, Turmeric Kombucha facial toner demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, with the most effective formula showing an inhibition diameter of 7.33 ± 0.57 mm.
- According to studies performed by Urecol Journal.Part C: Health Sciences, Ethanol extract gel of white turmeric rhizome (Curcuma mangga Val) and galangal rhizome (Alpinia galanga) showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, another acne-causing bacterium.
- As demonstrated by research from Phytotherapy Research and Eureka Herba Indonesia, Turmeric and its active component curcumin have been shown to improve various skin conditions, including acne, due to their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Both topical and ingested forms have demonstrated therapeutic benefits.
How to Consume
To incorporate turmeric into your routine, you can take it internally by adding a teaspoon of turmeric powder to warm water, milk, or a smoothie and drinking it once daily. Golden milk, made by mixing turmeric with warm milk and honey, is another popular way to consume turmeric. For topical application, you can create a paste by mixing turmeric powder with water, yogurt, or honey, and applying it directly to the acne-affected areas. Leave the paste on for about 10-15 minutes before rinsing off with warm water.
Potential side effects of Turmeric
High doses or prolonged use of turmeric, particularly in supplement form, may lead to digestive issues such as nausea, diarrhea, or stomach cramps. Some individuals may experience an allergic reaction, including skin rash or itching, especially when using turmeric topically. Additionally, because turmeric has blood-thinning properties, excessive consumption may increase the risk of bleeding or bruising.
Who should avoid Turmeric
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should be cautious with turmeric supplements, as high doses may stimulate uterine contractions or affect the baby’s development, though small amounts used in cooking are generally considered safe. People with gallbladder issues, such as gallstones or bile duct obstruction, should avoid turmeric, as it can exacerbate these conditions.
Interaction with medications
Turmeric may interact with certain medications, potentially leading to adverse effects. Its blood-thinning properties can enhance the effects of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs, such as warfarin or aspirin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Turmeric may also interact with medications that reduce stomach acid, such as proton pump inhibitors, potentially decreasing their effectiveness.
5. Hemidesmus indicus
Hemidesmus indicus, commonly known as Indian sarsaparilla or Anantmool, is beneficial for acne due to its potent detoxifying, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine, this herb helps purify the blood and remove toxins that can contribute to acne breakouts. Its anti-inflammatory effects soothe irritated skin, reducing the redness and swelling associated with acne. Additionally, Hemidesmus indicus has antimicrobial properties that combat acne-causing bacteria, promoting clearer skin. Regular use of this herb, either internally or as part of a topical treatment, can help in managing acne and improving overall skin health.
What Research Says?
- According to the research carried out by Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Hemidesmus indicus and Decalepis hamiltonii were found to be equally effective in relieving symptoms of acne vulgaris, including burning sensation, pain, itching, erythema, and improving the Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS).
- As evidenced by research led by Phytomedicine, Hemidesmus indicus demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and TNF-alpha) induced by Propionibacterium acnes, a key bacterium involved in acne pathogenesis.
How to Consume
To use this herb for acne, you can prepare a decoction by boiling a teaspoon of Hemidesmus indicus root powder or dried roots in a cup of water for 10-15 minutes. Strain and drink this herbal tea once or twice daily. Another method is to take Hemidesmus indicus in capsule or tablet form, following the dosage instructions on the label. For topical application, you can make a paste by mixing the root powder with water or rose water and applying it directly to the acne-affected areas.
Potential side effects of Hemidesmus indicus
Some people may experience digestive issues, such as nausea, stomach upset, or diarrhea, especially if taken in large doses. Allergic reactions, though rare, can occur, manifesting as skin rashes, itching, or respiratory issues. Excessive use might lead to a feeling of coldness or exacerbate conditions associated with cold body types.
Who should avoid Hemidesmus indicus
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should exercise caution, as there is limited research on the safety of Hemidesmus indicus during these periods. Individuals with low blood pressure should also be cautious, as the herb may have a mild hypotensive effect, potentially lowering blood pressure further. Additionally, those with a known allergy to.
Interaction with medications
Hemidesmus indicus may interact with certain medications, leading to potential health risks. Its potential hypotensive effects could amplify the effects of blood pressure-lowering medications, increasing the risk of dizziness, fainting, or excessively low blood pressure. Additionally, because Hemidesmus indicus has blood-purifying and detoxifying properties, it may interact with medications that are metabolized by the liver, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing side effects.
6. Neem
Neem, a powerful herb revered in Ayurvedic medicine, is highly beneficial for acne due to its strong antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties. The active compounds in neem, such as nimbin and azadirachtin, effectively target acne-causing bacteria, reducing breakouts and preventing future flare-ups. Neem also soothes inflamed skin, helping to reduce the redness and swelling associated with acne. Its ability to balance sebum production further prevents clogged pores, a common cause of acne. Whether applied topically as neem oil or used in face masks, or consumed internally, neem can significantly improve the health and clarity of acne-prone skin.
What Research Says?
- According to studies led by Molecules, and Current Cosmetic Science, Neem oil and extracts have demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against acne-causing bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus, which helps in reducing acne lesions.
- Based on research carried out by Cosmetics and International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, Neem’s anti-inflammatory properties help in reducing the redness and swelling associated with acne.
- As per studies undertaken by Journal of Acute Disease and Indian Drugs, Neem oil incorporated into various topical formulations such as hydrogels, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), BB creams, and face serums has shown enhanced stability, spreadability, and prolonged antibacterial action.
- According to studies performed by Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research, Neem-based soaps and face washes have shown to reduce oiliness and prevent acne recurrence, making them suitable for daily use.
How to Consume
To use Neem for acne, you can take it internally by consuming Neem leaf capsules or tablets, following the recommended dosage on the label. Alternatively, you can drink Neem tea by steeping dried Neem leaves in hot water for about 10-15 minutes, then consuming it once daily. For topical application, Neem oil or a paste made from Neem powder mixed with water can be applied directly to acne-prone areas. Leave the paste or oil on the skin for about 15-20 minutes before rinsing off with warm water.
Potential side effects of Neem
High doses or prolonged use of Neem, particularly in supplement form, may lead to gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach cramps. Some people may experience allergic reactions, including skin rashes or itching, especially when using Neem oil topically. Additionally, Neem may lower blood sugar levels, which could be problematic for people with hypoglycemia.
Who should avoid Neem
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid Neem, as it may have potential abortifacient effects and could be harmful to the baby. People with autoimmune diseases, such as lupus or multiple sclerosis, should also be cautious with Neem, as it might stimulate the immune system and exacerbate symptoms.
Interaction with medications
Neem may interact with certain medications, leading to potential health risks. Its ability to lower blood sugar levels can enhance the effects of diabetes medications, potentially causing hypoglycemia. Neem may also interact with immunosuppressive drugs, as it can stimulate the immune system, potentially reducing the effectiveness of these medications. Additionally, because Neem has blood-thinning properties, it may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs, such as warfarin or aspirin.
7. Rose
Rose, particularly in the form of rose water or rose essential oil, is beneficial for acne due to its natural anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and astringent properties. The soothing nature of rose helps calm irritated and inflamed skin, reducing the redness and swelling associated with acne. Its antibacterial properties help combat acne-causing bacteria, while the astringent effect of rose tones and tightens the skin, minimizing the appearance of pores and controlling excess oil production. Additionally, rose is rich in antioxidants, which promote skin healing and help fade acne scars. Incorporating rose-based products into skincare routines can lead to clearer, more balanced skin.
What Research Says?
- As evidenced by research led by International Journal of Molecular Sciences and Food Chemistry, Rose extracts, such as those from Rosa davurica Pall. and Rosa damascene, have demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects against Propionibacterium acnes, a key bacterium involved in acne pathogenesis. These extracts inhibit bacterial growth and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine production, suggesting their potential as effective acne treatments.
- Based on research carried out by European Journal of Dermatology, Combining rose extracts with other treatments, such as retinol and hexamidine diisethionate, has shown promising results. For instance, the combination product APDDR-0901, which includes rose extract, was found to be as effective as 0.1% adapalene gel in treating mild-to-moderate acne, with better safety profiles, particularly in terms of reduced skin irritation.
- As per studies undertaken by Computational and Mathematics Methods in Medicine, Traditional formulations, such as Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT), have been effective in treating rose acne, a subtype of acne. This combination therapy significantly improved clinical symptoms and reduced adverse reactions compared to PDT alone.
- According to studies performed by Phytotherapy Research, a systematic review of botanical and phytochemical therapies for acne highlighted that many plant-based treatments, including those involving rose extracts, show favorable results. These treatments often have fewer side effects compared to conventional therapies, making them attractive alternatives for acne management.
How to Consume
One popular method is to drink rose tea, made by steeping dried rose petals in hot water. Rose water can also be added to beverages or desserts for a subtle floral flavor while delivering the same skin-enhancing benefits. Additionally, rose petal jam, commonly used in traditional remedies, can be consumed to aid in detoxification, further helping to reduce acne.
Potential Side Effects of Rose
Topical application of rose-based products, such as rose essential oil or rose water, may lead to skin irritation, redness, or an allergic reaction in some individuals. Internally, excessive consumption of rose tea or rose-infused products might cause digestive discomfort, such as nausea or upset stomach, especially in those with a sensitive digestive system.
Who Should Avoid Rose
Individuals who have known allergies to roses or other related plants in the Rosaceae family should avoid using rose products to prevent allergic reactions. Additionally, pregnant or breastfeeding women should exercise caution with rose essential oil and consult with a healthcare provider before use, as the effects of concentrated rose oil during pregnancy are not fully understood.
Interaction with Medications
Rose products, especially in the form of essential oils, may interact with certain medications, particularly those that affect hormone levels. For example, rose oil is thought to have mild estrogenic properties, which could potentially interfere with hormone replacement therapy or birth control medications.
8. Tea Tree
Tea Tree oil is highly beneficial for acne due to its potent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties. The active ingredient in tea tree oil, terpinen-4-ol, effectively targets the Propionibacterium acnes bacteria, which is a common cause of acne breakouts. By reducing bacterial growth, tea tree oil helps prevent and heal acne lesions. Its anti-inflammatory properties soothe irritated skin, reducing the redness and swelling associated with acne. Additionally, tea tree oil helps regulate excess oil production, preventing clogged pores and future breakouts. Regular use of tea tree oil, either diluted in a carrier oil or as part of a skincare routine, can significantly improve the clarity and health of acne-prone skin.
What Research Says?
- According to investigations conducted by Antioxidants and British Journal of Dermatology, Tea tree oil has demonstrated significant antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, which are beneficial in reducing acne lesions, particularly inflammatory ones like papules and pustules.
- According to studies led by The medical of Journal Australia and Dermatologic Therapy, studies comparing tea tree oil to other acne treatments, such as benzoyl peroxide and erythromycin, have shown that while tea tree oil may have a slower onset of action, it is effective in reducing both inflamed and non-inflamed lesions with fewer side effects.
- According to studies led by Brazilian Journal of Health Review, Randomized clinical trials have shown that 5% tea tree oil gel significantly reduces total acne lesion counts and acne severity index compared to placebo, indicating its effectiveness in treating mild to moderate acne.
- Based on research carried out by Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, The primary active component of tea tree oil, terpinen-4-ol, has been identified as the major contributor to its antibacterial efficacy against acne-causing bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus.
How to Use
To use tea tree oil for acne, it’s important to dilute it before application, as pure tea tree oil can be too harsh and may cause skin irritation. Mix a few drops of tea tree oil with a carrier oil like coconut oil, jojoba oil, or even water. After cleansing your face, apply the diluted oil directly to acne-prone areas using a cotton swab or a clean fingertip. Leave it on overnight or for several hours before rinsing it off with warm water. For sensitive skin, start with a lower concentration of tea tree oil and gradually increase it as your skin adjusts.
Potential side effects of Tea Tree
Common side effects include skin irritation, redness, dryness, and itching, especially for individuals with sensitive skin or those who apply undiluted tea tree oil. In rare cases, tea tree oil can cause allergic reactions, such as a rash, swelling, or blistering. Ingesting tea tree oil is highly toxic and can lead to severe symptoms, including confusion, difficulty walking, and even coma, so it should never be taken orally.8.
Who should avoid Tea Tree
Certain individuals should avoid using tea tree oil or exercise caution when using it. People with a known allergy to tea tree oil or related plants, such as eucalyptus, should avoid its use to prevent allergic reactions. Those with particularly sensitive skin or skin conditions like eczema or rosacea should be cautious, as tea tree oil can exacerbate these conditions.
Interaction with medications
Tea tree oil is not commonly known to interact with oral medications, as it is typically used topically. However, it can interact with certain topical treatments or skincare products. For instance, combining tea tree oil with other strong acne treatments, such as benzoyl peroxide or retinoids, may increase skin irritation, dryness, or peeling.
9. Calendula
Calendula is highly beneficial for acne due to its powerful anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and skin-healing properties. Rich in flavonoids and saponins, calendula helps reduce the redness and swelling associated with acne, while its antimicrobial effects combat acne-causing bacteria. Additionally, calendula promotes faster healing of acne lesions and helps prevent scarring by stimulating collagen production and enhancing skin repair. Its soothing nature also makes it ideal for sensitive or irritated skin, providing gentle yet effective treatment for breakouts. Whether used in the form of calendula-infused oils, creams, or teas, this herb can play a crucial role in achieving clearer, healthier skin.
What Research Says?
- As per studies undertaken by Informatics in Medicine Unlocked and Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, calendula officinalis exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, which are beneficial in reducing acne lesions and inflammation.
How to Use
To use Calendula for acne, you can prepare a gentle tea or infusion by steeping dried Calendula flowers in hot water for about 10-15 minutes. Once cooled, you can apply the liquid directly to the affected areas using a clean cotton ball or pad, allowing the skin to absorb the natural anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of the herb. Alternatively, Calendula oil or cream can be applied topically to soothe irritation and reduce redness associated with acne.
Potential Side Effects of Calendula
While Calendula is generally considered safe for most people, it can cause allergic reactions, especially in individuals who are sensitive to plants in the Asteraceae family, such as ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, or daisies. Symptoms may include skin irritation, rash, or itching when applied topically. When taken internally, some people might experience mild digestive upset.
Who Should Avoid Calendula
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid using Calendula, as its safety during pregnancy and lactation has not been well studied. Additionally, individuals who are allergic to plants in the Asteraceae family should refrain from using Calendula due to the risk of an allergic reaction. People scheduled for surgery should also avoid Calendula, as it may interfere with anesthesia or cause excessive drowsiness.
Interaction with Medications
Calendula may interact with certain medications, particularly sedatives, due to its potential to enhance drowsiness. It can also interact with medications that slow blood clotting, such as anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs, possibly increasing the risk of bleeding. If you are taking medications for blood pressure, Calendula might lower it further, leading to hypotension.
10. Holy Basil
Holy Basil is highly beneficial for acne due to its potent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This revered herb helps purify the skin by eliminating acne-causing bacteria and reducing inflammation, making it effective in preventing and treating breakouts. Holy Basil also aids in detoxifying the body, which can further reduce the occurrence of acne by addressing the issue from within. Additionally, its antioxidant properties help protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and promote faster healing of acne lesions. Whether consumed as a tea, applied as a topical treatment, or used in skincare products, Holy Basil is a powerful natural remedy for achieving clear and healthy skin.
What Research Says?
- According to studies performed by International Journal of Aromatherapy, Holy basil oil has demonstrated antimicrobial activity against P. acnes, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.0% v/v.
- As evidenced by research led by International Journal of Cosmetics Science, formulations containing holy basil oil have shown potential in inhibiting P. acnes, although sweet basil oil exhibited higher activity in some formulations.
- According to studies led by Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis, Creams formulated with holy basil extract, especially in combination with other herbal extracts like green betel leaf, have shown strong inhibition of P. acnes, with higher concentrations (45%) providing very strong inhibition zones (>20 mm).
- Based on research carried out by International Journal of Cosmetics Science, advanced drug delivery systems, such as invasomes and micro-emulsions, have been proposed to enhance the stability and efficacy of holy basil in acne treatment formulations.
How to Use
To use Holy Basil (Tulsi) for acne, you can prepare a soothing face mask by grinding fresh Holy Basil leaves into a paste and applying it directly to the affected areas. The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of Holy Basil help to cleanse the skin and reduce acne-causing bacteria. Alternatively, you can brew a tea using dried Holy Basil leaves, allowing it to cool, and then use it as a facial rinse to tone and refresh the skin, helping to reduce inflammation and prevent breakouts. Drinking Holy Basil tea regularly may also support overall skin health from the inside out, promoting a clearer complexion over time.
Potential Side Effects of Holy Basil
Potential side effects include mild nausea, low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia), and increased bleeding risk due to its blood-thinning properties. Some people may also experience an allergic reaction, leading to symptoms such as itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
Who Should Avoid Holy Basil
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid consuming Holy Basil, as its safety during pregnancy and lactation has not been sufficiently studied. Additionally, individuals with low blood pressure or those prone to hypoglycemia should exercise caution, as Holy Basil may lower blood pressure and blood sugar levels further. People scheduled for surgery or those with bleeding disorders should also avoid Holy Basil due to its potential to slow blood clotting.
Interaction with Medications
Holy Basil may interact with various medications, particularly those that lower blood sugar or blood pressure, potentially enhancing their effects and leading to dangerously low levels. It can also interact with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications, increasing the risk of bleeding. Additionally, Holy Basil may affect the metabolism of certain drugs processed by the liver, altering their effectiveness.
11. Rosemary
Rosemary, a popular herb in skincare, offers notable benefits for acne-prone skin due to its potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The herb contains essential compounds like rosmarinic acid and carnosic acid, which help reduce inflammation and redness associated with acne, while its antibacterial effects combat the bacteria that cause breakouts. Additionally, rosemary’s astringent qualities help tighten pores and regulate excess oil production, making it particularly effective for preventing new acne formation. Incorporating rosemary into skincare routines can lead to clearer, healthier skin by addressing multiple underlying causes of acne.
What Research Says?
- As per studies undertaken by Journal of Medicinal Food, rosemary extract significantly reduces inflammation caused by Propionibacterium acnes by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α. This effect is partly due to the inhibition of NF-κB activation and TLR2-mediated signaling pathways.
- According to studies performed by Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, rosemary oil exhibits antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant acne bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acnes. It shows both bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties, with effective inhibition zones and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 39-156 mg/L.
- As evidenced by research led by Molecules, Essential oils, including rosemary, possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties that target various factors contributing to acne, such as excessive sebaceous production, hyperkeratinization, and bacterial infection.
How to Use
For topical application, rosemary essential oil can be diluted with a carrier oil, such as jojoba or coconut oil, and gently applied to the affected areas. This can help reduce inflammation and bacterial growth due to its antimicrobial properties. Additionally, rosemary tea can be consumed regularly to support overall skin health from within. The tea can be made by steeping fresh or dried rosemary leaves in hot water for 10 minutes.
Potential Side Effects of Rosemary
Potential side effects may include allergic reactions, such as skin rashes or irritation, especially for those with sensitive skin. Ingesting high doses of rosemary oil can lead to gastrointestinal issues, including nausea, vomiting, or stomach cramps. Additionally, the consumption of large quantities of rosemary may cause uterine contractions, which could be dangerous during pregnancy.
Who Should Avoid Rosemary
Certain individuals should avoid using rosemary, particularly those who are pregnant or breastfeeding, as the herb may cause uterine contractions or affect milk production. People with a history of seizures should also be cautious, as rosemary has been known to trigger seizures in some cases. Additionally, individuals with allergies to plants in the Lamiaceae family, which includes mint, basil, and sage, should avoid rosemary to prevent potential allergic reactions.
Interaction with Medications
Rosemary can interact with certain medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. For example, rosemary may enhance the effects of blood-thinning medications like warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. It may also interact with medications for high blood pressure, as rosemary has the potential to elevate blood pressure in some individuals.
12. Witch Hazel
Witch Hazel is highly beneficial for acne due to its natural astringent properties, which help to tighten the skin, reduce inflammation, and minimize the appearance of pores. It works by removing excess oil from the skin’s surface, which can prevent the clogging of pores that leads to acne breakouts. Additionally, Witch Hazel’s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects soothe irritated skin, reduce redness, and combat bacteria that can contribute to acne. Regular use of Witch Hazel can help promote clearer, smoother skin, making it an effective component of a skincare routine for those dealing with acne.
What Research Says?
- Based on research carried out by Antioxidants (Basel), Witch hazel has demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory properties, which are beneficial in reducing inflammation associated with acne. Studies have shown that witch hazel can inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and IL-8 in response to acne-causing bacteria (Cutibacterium acnes) and other inflammatory stimuli.
- As per studies undertaken by Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Witch hazel is recognized in both traditional First Nations healing and modern dermatology for its effectiveness in treating skin inflammation and conditions like diaper dermatitis. This historical and contemporary use underscores its potential benefits for acne treatment due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
How to use
To use witch hazel for acne, it can be applied topically in the form of a toner. After cleansing the skin, a small amount of witch hazel extract can be applied to a cotton pad and gently wiped over the affected areas. This helps to reduce oiliness, tighten pores, and soothe inflamed skin, making it particularly effective for acne-prone skin. Additionally, witch hazel can be combined with other natural ingredients, such as tea tree oil or aloe vera, to enhance its acne-fighting effects.
Potential Side Effects of Witch Hazel
Common side effects include dryness, redness, or irritation, especially if the witch hazel product contains alcohol. In some cases, prolonged use of witch hazel can strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to increased dryness and sensitivity.
Who Should Avoid Witch Hazel
Individuals with particularly sensitive or very dry skin should approach witch hazel with caution, as its astringent properties may exacerbate dryness or irritation. Those with a history of skin allergies or sensitivities should also avoid using witch hazel, especially products that contain added alcohol or fragrances, as these can trigger allergic reactions. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult with a healthcare provider before using witch hazel, as its safety during pregnancy has not been thoroughly studied.
Interaction with Medications
Witch hazel is primarily used topically and is not known to interact with most medications when used this way. However, individuals taking medications that increase skin sensitivity, such as retinoids or certain acne treatments, should use witch hazel with caution. Combining witch hazel with these medications may enhance skin dryness or irritation.
FAQs
- Can I use multiple herbs together for treating acne?
Answer: Yes, combining different herbs can enhance their effectiveness in treating acne, as each herb may target different aspects of the condition, such as reducing inflammation, fighting bacteria, and regulating oil production. However, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider to avoid potential interactions and side effects.
- How long does it take to see results from using herbal treatments for acne?
Answer: The time it takes to see results can vary depending on the severity of the acne, the specific herbs used, and individual skin types. Generally, it may take a few weeks to a couple of months of consistent use to notice significant improvements.
- Are herbal treatments for acne safe for all skin types?
Answer: While many herbs are generally safe, some may cause irritation, especially for those with sensitive or reactive skin. It’s advisable to do a patch test before applying any herbal treatment to the face. People with allergies to specific plants should also be cautious.
- Can herbal treatments for acne be used alongside conventional acne medications?
Answer: Herbal treatments can often be used alongside conventional acne medications, but it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider to ensure there are no interactions or compounded side effects. Some herbal treatments may enhance or interfere with the effects of conventional medications.
- Is it safe to use herbal treatments for acne during pregnancy?
Answer: Not all herbs are safe to use during pregnancy. Some, like neem and turmeric in large doses, may have adverse effects. Pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider before using any herbal treatments for acne.
- Can diet influence the effectiveness of herbal treatments for acne?
Answer: Yes, diet can play a significant role in skin health and the effectiveness of herbal treatments for acne. A balanced diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals can support the skin’s healing process, while a diet high in processed foods, sugar, and dairy might exacerbate acne.
- Are there any lifestyle changes that can enhance the effectiveness of herbal acne treatments?
Answer: Yes, lifestyle changes such as reducing stress, getting adequate sleep, staying hydrated, and maintaining a regular skincare routine can enhance the effectiveness of herbal treatments for acne. Additionally, avoiding known acne triggers like excessive dairy consumption and smoking can further improve results.
- Can I make my own herbal acne treatments at home?
Answer: Yes, many herbal acne treatments can be made at home using fresh or dried herbs, such as creating teas, masks, or oils. However, it’s essential to follow proper guidelines for preparation and usage to ensure safety and efficacy.
- What should I do if I experience a negative reaction to an herbal acne treatment?
Answer: If you experience any adverse reactions, such as severe irritation, itching, or swelling, discontinue use immediately and rinse the affected area with water. If the reaction persists, consult with a healthcare provider for appropriate care.
- Can herbal treatments for acne be used preventatively?
Answer: Yes, some herbal treatments can be used preventatively to maintain clear skin and reduce the likelihood of breakouts. Herbs like turmeric and holy basil, known for their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, can be incorporated into daily skincare routines to help prevent acne.