Soybean, soya bean, or soy pea, leguminous plant (Glycine max,G. soja, or Soja max) of the family Leguminosae (pulse family), native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Asia, where it has been cultivated as a principal crop for at least 5,000 years. There are over 2,500 varieties in cultivation, producing beans of many sizes, shapes, and colors. As a crop, soybeans are high in yield and easy to harvest; they grow well wherever corn is cultivated.
| Name | Soybean |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Glycine max |
| Native | Glycine max |
| Common/English Name | Green pod – Edame Seed – Green Soybean, Soja bean, Soy, Soy bean, Soybean, SoyabeanSprouts – Bean Sprouts, Seed Sprouts, Soyabean sprouts |
| Name in Other Languages | French : Haricot Soja Spanish : Frijol De Soya Arabic : Fûl Sûyah Latvian : Sarmataine Soja Belarusan : Soya Shchatzinistaya Esperanto : Sojfabo Slovencina : Sója Fazuľová Burmese : Lasi Polish : Soja Croatian : Soja Thai : Thua Lueang Italian : Fava Soja Danish : Sojabønne Mong : Tarimal Sharbuurtzag Eastonian : Karvane Sojauba Romanian : Soia Brazil : Soja Finnish : Soijapapu Malaysia : Kacang Bulu Galician : Soia Hungarian : Kultúrszója India : Gari Kalai ( Bengali ) Sri Lanka : Boo Mae ( Sinhala ) Czech : Sója Luštinatá Indonesia : Kacang Bulu Swiss : Sojabona Vietnamese : Dâu Nành Philippines : Balatong Japanese : Daizu Swedish : Sojaböna Azerbaijan : Ekme Soya Laotian : Thwàx Khôn Chinese : Da Dou Lithuanian : Gauruotoji Soja Slovašcina : Soja Navadna Moldavian : Soe Mare Dutch : Soja Hispada Turkish : Çin Lubyasi Norwegian : Soyabønne Taiwan : Mao Dou German : Fettbohne Portuguese : Soja Khmer : Sândaèk Sieng Russian : Glitzine Krupneishaya Korean : Kong Tibetan : Rgya-Sran |
| Plant Growth Habit | Erect, coarse, bushy, annual, herb |
| Growing Climate | Intolerant of excessive heat and severe winters |
| Soil | Wide range of soils, with optimum growth in moist, fertile, well drained, alluvial soils with a good organic content. |
| Plant Size | 0.2–1.8 m tall |
| Leaf | Alternate, pinnately trifoliolate, borne on 2–20 cm long petioles, stipules broadly ovate, 3–7 mm long, acuminate |
| Leaflets | 1.5–4 mm petiolules, papery, broadly ovate, sub-orbicular, or elliptic-lanceolate, 5–12 × 2.5–8 cm, base broadly cuneate or rounded |
| Flower | Small, bisexual, papilionaceous; calyx tubular with 2 upper and 3 lower lobes, setose, persistent; corolla, 4.5– 10 mm, purple, pale purple, pink or white; |
| Pods | Succulent, pendant, oblong, slightly curved, 3–15 cm by 1–1.5 cm, dehiscent, silky hairy |
| Seed Shape | Ovoid to sub-globose, smooth, 1- × 5–8 mm |
| Seed Color | Yellow, green, brown or black or blotched and mottled, with distinct, elliptic hilum |
| Flavor/aroma | Grassy or beany flavor. |
| Seed | September and October |
| Varieties/Types | Agate Soybean, Amasoy Soybean, An Dunscaja Soybean, Bei Liang 11 Soybean, Belakaya Soybean, Black Pearl Soybean, Blackeye Soybean, Brun Matif Rouest Soybean, Dieckman Black Soybean, Ezonishiki Soybean, Flambeau Soybean, Geant Vert Soybean, Fledderjohn Soybean |
| Major Nutrition | Iron, Fe 9.09 mg (113.63%) Vitamin B9 (Folate) 422 µg (105.50%) Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) 1.114 mg (92.83%) Tryptophan 0.402 g (91.36%) Isoleucine 1.459 g (87.26%) Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) 74.2 mg (82.44%) Threonine 1.321 g (75.06%) Histidine 0.891 g (72.32%) Phosphorus, P 497 mg (71.00%) Valine 1.475 g (69.84%) Protein 33.15 g (66.30%) Leucine 2.371 g (64.15%) Manganese, Mn 1.4 mg (60.87%) Lysine 1.984 g (59.33%) Calcium, Ca 504 mg (50.40%) Total Fat (lipid) 17.41 g (49.74%) Magnesium, Mg 166 mg (39.52%) Copper, Cu 0.328 mg (36.44%) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 0.448 mg (34.46%) Potassium, K 1587 mg (33.77%) Total dietary Fiber 10.8 g (28.42%) Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 4.224 mg (26.40%) Zinc, Zn 2.53 mg (23.00%) Carbohydrate 28.29 g (21.76%) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 0.166 mg (12.77%) |
| Health Benefits |
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| Calories in 1cup (100gm) | 376 Kcal |